Spectral structure of laser light scattering revisited: bandwidths of nonresonant scattering lidars.
It is well known that scattering lidars, i.e., Mie, aerosol-wind, Rayleigh, high-spectral-resolution, molecular-wind, rotational Raman, and vibrational Raman lidars, are workhorses for probing atmospheric properties, including the backscatter ratio, aerosol extinction coefficient, temperature, pressure, density, and winds. The spectral structure of […]

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Analytic remote-sensing optical algorithms requiring simple and practical field parameter inputs.
Spectral in-water measurements of downward irradiance (E(d)), upward irradiance (E(u)), and nadir radiance (L(u)) are sufficient to calculate the scalar irradiances E(0), E(0d), and E(0u), the average cosines mu, mu(d), and mu(u), the light absorption coefficient a, the backscattering coefficient b(b), and […]

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Comprehensive particle characterization from three-wavelength Raman-lidar observations: case study.
The potential of three-wavelength Raman-lidar observations for a detailed optical and physical characterization of atmospheric particles is exemplified through a case study of measurements from 9 August 1998 of the Lindenberg Aerosol Characterization Experiment. Backscatter coefficients at 355, 532, and 1064 nm and extinction […]

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Thermal infrared spectral band detection limits for unidentified surface materials.
Infrared emission spectra recorded by airborne or satellite spectrometers can be searched for spectral features to determine the composition of rocks on planetary surfaces. Surface materials are identified by detections of characteristic spectral bands. We show how to define whether to accept an […]

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Xenon capillary discharge extreme-ultraviolet source emitting over a large angular range.
We describe a capillary discharge source configuration, allowing for collection of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation at large off-axis angles, without the need for an EUV window. Operating with xenon gas, the source emits intensely within the EUV spectral region at 11.3 and 13.5 […]

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Tunable single-mode operation of a pulsed optical parametric oscillator pumped by a multimode laser.
High-quality single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) tunable signal radiation is generated by a pulsed optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by a compact, inexpensive multimode laser. The OPO is based on periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) in a ring cavity that is injection […]

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Femtosecond Ti:Sapphire Oscillator Electro-Optically Cavity Dumped at 50 kHz.
Use of a transverse KD?P Pockels cell and novel low-loss sapphire Rochon polarizer to cavity dump a hard-aperture, Kerr-lens mode-locked, Ti:sapphire oscillator is demonstrated. High-quality 90-fs pulses with energies of ~50 nJ at repetition rates of up to 50 kHz were obtained.
Rimington NW, Cornea […]

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Temperature distributions and thermal deformations of mirror substrates in laser resonators.
For finite-thickness media with convective surface losses, the three-dimensional temperature distributions and thermal deformations of mirror substrates in laser resonators that are due to absorption of laser light with a Gaussian power-density profile are calculated by use of the well-known Green\’s function […]

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Measurement of gas-phase temperatures in flames with a point-diffraction interferometer.
Experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of a point-diffraction interferometry (PDI) system to measure gas-phase temperatures in flames. PDI is an interferometric technique that creates the reference beam after the laser beam passes through the test section and directly provides the index […]

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Scanning infrared radiometer for measuring the air-sea temperature difference.
We describe a vertically scanning infrared radiometer for measuring the air-sea temperature difference without disturbing the water skin layer. The radiometer operates with a single wavelength channel that is 1.1 mum wide, centered on 14.2 mum, on the short-wavelength edge of a CO(2) atmospheric […]

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